What is the Electoral College? How does it work?

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The Electoral College is the system in which votes are counted, processed, and verified during the US presidential elections every four years. Within the electoral college states are a selection of electors who meet to cast votes for presidential and vice presidential candidates after Election Night before sending their count to Congress to verify. Overall there are 538 electors in total which represent the 50 States and Washington DC, however, US territories such as Puerto Rico, American Samoa and others do not have representation in the Electoral College when deciding the President. 

The Electoral College was designed by Alexander Hamilton in Federalist Essay No. 68 and it is meant to give an equal say in the elections in an effort to protect the interests of states with smaller populations from being left out of the electoral process due to other States having larger populations. Each state is given a specific number of votes, that number is determined by adding the number of Senators and Representatives for each state, and, in the case of Washington DC, the city has 3 electoral votes to represent them in the Electoral College.